
In organic chemistry, cis``/``trans`` isomerism``` (also known as ```geometric isomerism```) is a form of stereoisomerism describing the ``relative`` orientation of functional groups within a molecule. It is not to be confused with E/Z isomerism`, which is the related absolute stereochemical description, only to be used with al...
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cis–trans_isomerism

(from the article `fat and oil processing`) ...isolinoleic, and similar groups. Because these isomers have higher melting points than do the natural acids, they contribute to the hardening ... Geometric isomerism results from rigidity in the molecular structure; in organic compounds this rigidity most often is associated with a double b...
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http://www.britannica.com/eb/a-z/c/87

Compounds with double bonds, or alicyclic rings can exhibit isomerism, due to the attached groups lying above or below the plane of the oduble bond or ring. The cis compound is the one with the groups on the same side of the bond, and the trans has th
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http://www.chemicalglossary.net/definition/421-Cis_trans_Isomerism

cis-1,2-dichloroethene (left); trans-1,2-dichloroethene (right) A form of isomerism associated with compounds containing a double bond. Like groups in such compounds may be either on the same side of the plane of the double bond (cis-form) or on opposite sides (trans-form). E.g. maleic acid and...
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A type of geometrical isomerism related to the angles between like ligands.
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Compounds with double bonds, or alicyclic rings can exhibit isomerism, due to the attached groups lying above or below the plane of the oduble bond or ring. The 'cis' compound is the one with the groups on the same side of the bond, and the 'trans' has the groups on the opposite sides. The different isomers have different physical and chemical properties. Examples are fumaric acid/maleic acid and 1,3-dimethylcyclohexane - see below:
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